Orbital elements built for Hamiltonian mechanics (variant 4 in Variants of Orbital Elements).
Action-Angle Variables
- Hamiltonian mechanics: action-angle variables
- Actions = momenta
- Angles = coordinates
- Canonical elements come in conjugate pairs (an action and its angle)
Delaunay Elements
- Actions:
- : total angular momentum,
- : polar component of angular momentum
- Angles:
- : mean anomaly, : argument of perigee, : RAAN
- Same singularities as the classical elements (, , )
Poincaré Elements
- Built from the Delaunay elements (, , on the right are the Delaunay actions):
- Like Delaunay elements, these are canonical conjugates
- Like equinoctial elements, these are non-singular
- is the mean longitude, as in the equinoctial set